General and Laparoscopic Surgery

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General Surgery

A wide variety of surgical disorders are diagnosed and treated as part of the medical specialty known as general surgery. The abdomen, skin, breasts, and endocrine system are among the surgical specialties taught to general surgeons.

 

Common Procedures

  • Appendectomy: The surgical removal of the appendix, a little organ situated in the lower right abdomen, is known as an appendectomy.
  • Hernia repair: When an organ or piece of tissue pushes through a tear in the muscle or tissue holding it in place, a hernia results. In order to stop additional protrusion, hernia repair surgery includes closing the opening or weakening in the muscle or tissue.
  • Gallbladder removal: The gallbladder, a little organ in the upper right belly that stores and secretes bile, must be removed. If the gallbladder develops a condition or injury, surgery to remove it may be required.
  • Breast surgery: General surgeons are able to undertake breast surgery, including breast cancer surgery and breast reduction surgery.
  • Colon surgery: Colectomy (removal of all or part of the colon) and colon resection are two common procedures that general surgeons can perform on the colon (removal of a portion of the colon).

 

Laparoscopic Surgery

Laparoscopic surgery is a kind of minimally invasive procedure that uses tiny incisions and specialized tools to reach the body’s internal organs. It is sometimes referred to as minimally invasive surgery or keyhole surgery.

Several tiny incisions are made in the patient’s belly during laparoscopic surgery, and a laparoscope—a thin tube with a light and camera—is inserted through one of them. The surgeon can look into the patient without having to make a significant incision thanks to the laparoscope, which sends images of the inside of the body to a monitor. The operation is then carried out through the other incisions using specialist tools, such as long-handled scissors or forceps.

 

Phases of Laparoscopy

  • Preparation: To evaluate the patient’s general health before to surgery, a physical examination and laboratory testing will be performed. Additionally, they could be instructed to cease using a particular medicine and to adhere to a set of preparation guidelines before the surgery.
  • Anesthetic: The patient will get anesthesia before to the procedure to assist them sleep through it and to lessen any pain. Medical professionals with a focus on administering and managing anesthesia are known as anesthesiologists.
  • Incision: The part of the body being treated during a general surgery will have a significant incision made by the surgeon. The surgeon will make a number of tiny incisions during a laparoscopic procedure and insert specialized devices, such as a laparoscope (a thin tube with a light and camera), through the incisions.
  • Surgery: The operation will then be carried out by the surgeon, who may need to remove or replace bodily tissues, organs, or other structures.
  • Closure: After the procedure is finished, the incisions will be stitched, stapled, or sealed with glue.
  • Recovery: Following surgery, the patient is transferred to the recovery area where they will be watched until the anesthetic effects wear off. Depending on the type of surgery and the patient’s condition, they may next be moved to a hospital room or discharged home.